CSAC MONOGRAPHS 5

South-East Asia Series

Hua Kok: Social Organization in North-Central Thailand

Jeremy Kemp

Centre for Social Anthropology and Computing and the Centre of South-East Asian Studies
University of Kent at Canterbury

1992

Table of Contents

• Preface vii
• Acknowledgements xi
• The transliteration of Thai words xii
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• CHAPTER ONE: SOCIAL ORGANISATION 1
  
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• Hua Kok - A Unit in Social Space? 1
• Alternative Modes of Study 3
• Hua Kok and Rural Thai Society 3
• Community 4
• Social Organisation and Social Structure 6
• Social Boundaries 8
• Organisation - Dyads, Networks and Spheres of Activity 10
• Loosely Structures Social Systems 12
• Notes 13

• CHAPTER TWO: NATION AND LOCALITY 16
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• THE NATIONAL CONTEXT 16
• Traditional Government and Administration 16
• Changes in Government and Administration 19
• Religion 21
• THE RESEARCH AREA 23
• Environment and Agriculture 23
• Demography 25
• Phitsanulok 26
• Wang Thong District and Town 27
• Hua Kok 29
• The History of Hua Kok: A Conjectural Reconstruction 33
• Bang Saphan and Wang Phom 36
• Notes 37

• CHAPTER THREE: KIN LINKS AND LABELS 40
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• Kinship Linkage and the Growth of Hua Kok 41
• Systems of Address and Reference 42
• Kin Terms 46
• Affinal Terms 49
• The Figurative Use of Kin Terminology 51
• Conclusion 52
• Notes 54

• CHAPTER FOUR: MARRIAGE 56
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• Locality and Marriage 56
• Marriage Rules 57
• Marriage Ceremonies 59
• Marriage Payments 63
• Tradition and Change 64
• Divorce, Polygyny and Illegitimacy 67
• Marriage Residence 70
• Conclusion 75
• Notes 76

• CHAPTER FIVE: FAMILY, HOUSEHOLD AND SOCIAL ORGANISATION 80
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• Domestic Organisation 81
• Household Membership 85
• Family Structure and Organisation 87
• Devolution 95
• Conclusion 105
• Notes 105

• CHAPTER SIX: RURAL ECONOMY 108
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• Economic Pursuits 110
• The Agricultural Cycle 112
• Rice 112
• Maize and Beans 115
• Conclusion 115
• Land and Land Tenure 116
• Ownership 119
• Renting 123
• Allocation of Usufruct 125
• Sale of Land 126
• Conclusion 127
• Notes 127

• CHAPTER SEVEN: THE SOCIAL ORGANISATION OF PRODUCTION 130
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• Work Parties 132
• Wage-labour and Tractor Hire 136
• Marketing 137
• Rice Processing 140
• Options and Preferences 141
• Agricultural Credit and Development 142
• Economic and Social Change 145
• Notes 146

• CHAPTER EIGHT: POLITICAL ORGANISATION 148
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• District, Commune and Village 149
• The Village Headman 152
• Elections 152
• Headman roles 153
• Headman and Village 155
• Disputes 158
• Villagers and Officials 164
• Notes 167

• CHAPTER NINE: RELIGION AND RITUAL 169
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• Buddhism and Hua Kok 171
• Manipulating the Supernatural 182
• Sanctions 187
• Notes 190
• CHAPTER TEN: ORGANISATION, PROCESS AND CONTROL 192
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• Notes 201

• BIBLIOGRAPHY 203
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• MAPS
  map 1: Map of Thailand with Phitsanulok and surrounding provinces 24

  map 2: Hua Kok and neighbouring settlements 28

  map 3: Hua Kok 30

• FIGURES
  figure 1: Hua Kok estimated population and age distribution 32

  figure 2: Simplified genealogy illustrating kinship linkages back

  between households cover

  figure 3: Age and sexual differentiation among kin: primary terms only 43

  figure 4: Kin terms: formal genealogical structure 44

  figure 5: Genealogical relationships and the manipulation of kin terms 48

• TABLES
  table 1: Population percentages for all religions 21

  table 2: Marriage patterns of Hua Kok residents 57

  table 3: The termination of marriage 68

  table 4: Initial marriage and residence patterns of couples in Hua Kok 71

  table 5: Initial marriage residence classified according to first or

  subsequent marriages 71

  table 6: Couples and the existing pattern of marriage residence in Hua Kok 75 table 7: The size and distribution of household membership 81

  table 8: Farming: area cultivated per household 116

  table 9: Farming: area cultivated per farm 117

  table 10: Tenure patterns (agricultural land od faring households) 118

  table 11: Tenure and area farmed per household 118

  table 12: Agricultural land owned per household 118

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